Kd;gs;sp gps;isfSf;F GJikahd fw;wy; R+oiy toq;fTk;> kw;iwatu;fSld; ,ilj;jhf;fk; Guptjw;F cjTk; tifapy; mtu;fis Kiwrhu; ghlrhiyf;F Maj;jg;gLj;Jtjw;F mtrpakhd nraw;ghLfis Nkw;nfhs;sTk; cupa nraw;jpl;lq;fis tFf;fTk; Kd;gs;sp Mrpupau; jd;id Nkk;gLj;jpf;nfhs;tJ mtrpakhFk;. ,J gw;wpa ckJ fUj;Jf;fis tpupthf tpsf;Ff.
1.1 Kd;gs;sp
Mrpupaupd; tfpghfk;
rpd;dQ;rpwhu;fs; jq;fs; jha;f;F mLj;jgbahf Kd;gs;sp Mrpupau;fisNa Nerpg;gtu;fs;. Mrpupauplk; mtu;fspd; vjpu;ghu;g;Gf;fs; Vuhsk;. jq;fs; Nky; Mrpupaupd; md;Gk;> MjuTk; Ftpa Ntz;Lk; vd;W vjpu;ghu;g;gtu;fs;. ngw;whUf;F mLj;jgbahf MrpupaNu Kf;fpakhdtu; vd ek;Gfpd;wtu;fs;. ,e;j mbg;gil cwT gps;isapd; vjpu;fhy tho;Tf;Fk;> gs;sp tho;f;iff;Fk; mbj;jskhfpd;wJ. Mrpupau; khw;wPlhf. md;G> MjuT. fUiz> ghFghlw;w jd;ik> cjtp> Mfpa tw;why; gps;isapd; cwtpid fl;bnaOg;gNtz;Lk;. ,jdhNyNa md;gpdhy; cyif Msyhk; vd;wdu;.
Mrpupau; jdJ fdpthd Fuy; xypapdhy;> fz;fspd; ghu;itapdhy;> gps;isfsJ. ngau;fisr; Rl;b miog;gjhy;> nghWikAk;> rfpg;Gj;jd;ikapdhYk; gps;isfis njhl;L mutizg;gjhYk;> mlk;gpbf;Fk;NghJ gupTfhl;b Mjupg;gjhYk;> GJg;GJ nray;ghLfspy; <LgLj;jp kfpo;tpg;gjhYk;> kpf mtjhdkhf nrtpkLj;Jf; Nfl;L Cf;Ftpg;gjhYk;> ngw;Nwhuplk; rhjfkhf fye;JiuahLtjhYk;> ghuhl;Lf;fshy; re;Njhrkilar; nra;J ghJfhg;gspf;Fk; gz;GfshYk;> gps;isfSf;Fk; MrpupaUf;Fkpilapy; ,Wfpa gpizg;ig cUthf;fyhk;.
Mrpupau;> gps;isfs; tpisahLk; NghJk;> fw;ww; nraw;ghLfspy; <LgLk; NghJk; vy;yh topfspYk; cjTgtuhf tpsq;f Ntz;Lk;. tpisahl;Lr; nraw;ghl;bypUe;J Ntnwhd;Wf;F khw;Wk;NghJ> gps;isfis cw;rhfg;gLj;jp mioj;Jr; nry;y Ntz;Lk;. xt;nthU nraw;ghLk;. xd;iwtpl kw;wJ GJikahf> ftu;r;rp fukhdjhf mikaj; jpl;lkpl;Lr; nraw;gl Ntz;Lk;. gps;isfis epu;g;ge;jpf;fNth> tw;GWj;jNth $lhJ. rhjfkhd> mtu;fs; tpUk;Gk; nraw;ghLfis mwpKfk; nra;a Ntz;Lk;. Vw;w topfhl;ly;fisAk;> vg;NghJk; jpwe;j KbTfisAila tpdhf;fisNa Nfl;L> gps;isfspd; rpe;jidf;F Ntiy nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. rpe;jpf;f itf;f Ntz;Lk;.
rpWtu;fs; tPl;bypUe;J Kd;gs;spf;F khWtJ Kf;fpa epfo;thFk;. ,k;khw;wj;jpw;Fg; ngw;Nwhupd; <LghLk;. Kd;gs;spapy; eilngWk; nraw;ghLfSk;> gps;isapDila KO tpUj;jpf;F ce;Jkj;jpahf tpsq;f Ntz;Lk;. ngw;NwhUf;Fj; jk; gps;isia ed;F njupAk; gps;id gw;wpa nra;jpfis ciuahlYld; Kbj;Jf; nfhs;tu;.
ngw;Nwhupd; xj;Jiog;Gk; <LghLk; vd;gJ gps;isfspd; gpd;dzp> tpUg;G> ntWg;G Nghd;wtw;iw mwptNj. gy Kd;gs;sp Mrpupau;fs; gbtq;fs; %yk; nra;jpfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tu;> rptu; rpW ciuahlYld; Kbj;Jf;nfhs;tu;.
ngw;whu; Mrpupah; rq;ff; $l;lq;fs; Kf;fpakhdJ. ,q;Fjhd; gps;is gw;wpa mgptpUj;jpf; fUj;Jf;fSk;> VidaitAk; gupkhwg;gLfpd;wd. Kd;gs;spapy; vd;d> vJ eilngWfpd;wJ? vd mwpa cupikAz;L gps;isfs; vt;thW cilazpa Ntz;Lk;. ghlrhiyf;F vtw;iwf; nfhz;Ltu Ntz;Lk;> rj;Jzt ghJfhg;G vd;gd nghJthd ciuahlyhf ,Uf;Fk;.
tpisahl;Lfs; %yk; gps;isfs; vt;thW fw;wypy; <LgLfpwhu;fs;. vd;w nra;jpfs; gupkhwg;gLtJ kpf Kf;fpak;. ngw;whu;fsJ MNyhridfisg; ngw;whu;. Mrpupau; rq;ff; $l;lj;jpd;NghJ> epfo;r;rp epuypy; Nru;j;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,f; $l;lj;jpd;NghJ ghlrhiyapd; Njitfs; fye;Jiuahlg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
xU jiyrpwe;j Kd;gs;spf; fy;tp eilngWtjw;F> ngw;Nwhupd; ehshe;j tFg;giw <LghL mtrpakhdJ. khjhe;j Kd;gs;sp Ntiyj;jpl;lj;jpy; xt;nthU ehSk; xt;nthU ngw;whu;. cjtpahsuhfr; Nrhj;Jf; nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,J MrpupaUf;F cjTtJ kl;Lky;yhJ> ngw;whUf;Fk; Kd;gs;sp gw;wpf; fw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;F> top fhl;Lk;> mj;NjhL rpwhu;fSk; ngupatu;fNshL Nru;e;J gofp cwit tsu;j;Jf; nfhs;s cjTk;. ngw;whu; %yk; ghuk;gupaq;fisAk;> jpwd;fisAk; gps;isfs; fw;Wf;nfhs;s tha;g;Gf; fpilg;gjhy;> mtu;fs; rpwe;j ts mszpapduhthu;.
xU gps;isapd; ngw;whu;. Kd;gs;spapy;
fye;J nfhs;Sk; ehs;> mg;gps;isf;F tpNrl epfo;thftpUf;Fk; ngw;whupd; Kd;gs;sp
<LghL. mg;gps;is Muk;gf; fy;tpf;Fr; nry;Yk;NghJ> mg;ghlrhiyAk; gps;isAk;
gy ed;ikfisg; ngw tha;g;Gz;L xU Kd;gs;spia xOq;F nra;J> NgzptUtjw;Fg;
ngw;whUf;nfdj; jdpaplk; xJf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. xU mwptpj;jw; gyif. mtu;fsJ ftdj;ij
<u;f;Fk; tz;zk; fhl;rpg;gLj;jp itf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,jpy; Kd;gs;sp gw;wpa midj;Jr;
nra;jpfisAk; ngw;whu; mwpAk;gb nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
njhlu;r;rpahd ngw;whu; Mrpupau; re;jpg;Gf;fs;> gps;isfsJ Kd;Ndw;wk;> vjpu;fhyj; jpl;lq;fs; tFj;jy;> gw;wpa nra;jpfisg; gupkhwpf; nfhs;sr; re;jhg; gq;fis toq;Fk;. gps;isfspd; kjpg;gPL> mtu;fsJ tsu;r;rp gw;wpg; ngw;whNuhL ciuahlyhk;. Mdhy; xU gps;isia kw;wg; gps;isfNshL xg;gpl;Lf; $Wjy; nghUj;jkpy;iy. tPLfSf;Fk; Mrpupau; nrd;W tUtJ ngw;whu;. Kd;gs;sp> Mrpupau;> gps;is ,tw;wpw;fpilNa xU ,Wf;fkhd gpizg;ig cUthf;Fk;.
ghlrhiyapd; Njitfis epiwT nra;Ak; rf;jpahfg; ngw;whu; tpsq;Ftu;. Neitahd nghUl;fs;. epjp> ruPu cjtpfs; fpilf;Fk;. ,it ahtw;iwAk; nra;J Kbf;Fk; jpwid Mrpupau; tsu;j;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ngw;whupd; tpopg;Gzu;r;rpiaj; J}z;b ,Of;Fk; Mw;wy; MrpupaupilNa cz;L.
ngw;whu;fs;jhd; tsq;fspd; jpwTNfhy;> fy;tp> Rfhjhu mgptpUj;jpf;F> mtu;fsJ rpe;jidfs;. MNyhridfs; gy topfspy; ,sk;guhaf; fy;tp mgptpUj;jpf;Fg; gq;fspf;Fk; ngw;whu;fs; xj;jhirfis toq;fTk;. Kd;gs;spapypUe;J gytw;iwf; fw;Wf; nfhs;sTk; re;ju;g;gq;fs; cz;L. ngw;whu;fs; vy;NyhUk; rkkhdtu;fs; my;yu; ntt;NtW Neuq;fspy; re;ju;g;g R+o;epiy> tpUg;Gf;Nfw;g nraw;gLgtu;fs; vd;gjidAk; Mrpupau; mwpe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
ngw;whuJ <LghL> epjp> cztspj;jy; Nghd;w nraw;ghLfspy; NtWglyhk;. MdhYk; mtu;fsJ <LghLk; gq;fspg;Gk; epjp Nrfupj;jy; njhlf;fk; Kd;gs;spapy; flikahw;Wk; Mrpupau;fis epakpj;jy;> Kd;gs;spapd; Kfhikj;Jtk; tiu gue;J gl;lJ" (Muk;gg; gps;isg;gUt tpUj;jpapd; nfhs;ifAk; gapw;rpAk; - 95)
Nghl;bfisj; jtpu;j;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. MSf;fhs; cjTk; toptiffisAk;> xj;Jiog;ig toq;Fk; kdg;ghq;fpidAk;> tsu;f;f Kay Ntz;Lk;. gps;isfis kpff;ftdkhf mtjhdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mtu;fsJ nraw;ghLfisf; $u;e;J ftdpj;J> mtu;fsJ ,lu;ghLfisf; Nfl;lwpa Ntz;Lk;. gps;isfsJ ,ay;gpwFk;> tpUg;gpw;Fk; ifahSk; jpwDf;Nfw;gTk;. nraw;ghLfisj; jpl;lkpl Ntz;Lk;.
Mrpupau;jhd; gps;isapd; fw;wy; mZFKiwapd; jpwTNfhy; Mrpupau; ftu;r;rpahdJk;> kpfTk; tpUk;gj;jf;fJkhd gy;NtW R+oiy mikj;J> gps;isfis Muha;r;rpapy; <LgLj;j Ntz;Lk;. ngUq;FOf;fshfNth> rpW FOf;fshfNth gpupj;J mlf;fpitf;fhJ. jdpj;jdpNa Mu;tKld; fw;wypy; <Lglr; re;ju;g;gq;fis toq;f Ntz;Lk;. jhd; xU Mrpupau; vd;w epiyg;ghl;bypUe;J tpyfp> gps;isf;F cjTk; ez;guhf> cjTfuk; ePl;b gps;isapd; fw;wYf;F Mjhukhf tpsq;Fgtuhff; fUj Ntz;Lk;.
gps;isfsJ nraw;ghLfis Kd;ndLj;J newpg;gLj;Jtijtpl mtu;fsJ Mu;tj;ijj; J}z;b rpe;jpf;fTk;> mJ gw;wpg; NghTk;> nra;jtw;iwAk;> Rw;wtw;iwAk; tpsf;fk; ngwTk; nra;jy; Ntz;Lk; Kd;gs;sp Mrpupah jdJ nraw;ghLfspy; nefpo;T my;yJ tise;J nfhLf;Fk; jd;ikiaf; filg;gpbf;f Ntz;Lk;. rpy re;ju;g;gq;fspy; mtjhdpf;fTk;> Nfs;tp Nfl;fTk;> tpguq;fisj; njuptpf;fTk;> mNj Ntis fw;ww; nraw;ghl;Lj; njhlupd; MjhukhfTk; nraw;gl Ntz;Lk;
vjidg; gps;isapdhy; nra;aKbahJ vd;gijtpl> vjidg; gps;isahy; nra;a KbAk; vd;gJjhd Muk;gg; gps;isg; gUt mgptpUj;jpapd; Kjy; mbg;gil tplakhFk;. Mrpupaupd; nraw;ghLfs; gps;isfspdhy; Mu;tj;JlDk;> tpUg;GlDk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sf; $bajhfTk;> tise;J nfhLf;ff; $baJkhfj; jpl;lkpLtJ Mrpupaupd; jiyaha flikahFk;. ,r;nraw;ghLfs; ghlrhiyapd; cs;NsAk; ntspNaAk; kfpo;r;rpAk;> MuthuKk; fye;j kNdhepiyAld;> gps;isfs; <LgLtjw;F Vw;wjhf. gy;NtWtifahd nraw;ghLfis xOq;F nra;tJk; MrpupauJ Kf;fpa gzpahFk;. ntWkNd gps;isfs; Xa;e;JNghapUf;f ,le;juyhfhJ. gps;isfs; cjtp ngw;Wr; nra;tijtpl> cjtp VJkpy;yhJ nraw;ghLfisr; nra;tpj;jy; MrpupauJ rpwg;ghFk; Mrpupaupd; rupahd Neuj;jpy;> rupahd. nghUj;jkhd jiyaPL rpwhu;fspd; fw;ww; njhliur; rpwg;ghf;Fk;. Mrpupau; jdJ tFg;Gg; gps;isfis mwpe;J itj;jpUg;gJ Nghy;. ngw;NwhiuAk;> r%fj;ijAk;> mwpe;Jk;> Gupe;Jk; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. FLk;g gof;ftof;fq;fis> tFg;gpy; gfpu;e;J nfhs;SkhW ngw;Nwhiuf; Nfl;fyhk;. mtu;fSf;Fj; njupe;jtw;iw Muk;a gps;isg;gUt mgptpUj;jp tFg;giwapy; nra;J fhl;lj; J}z;lyhk;. ,irf;fUtpfisg; gad;gLj;jj; njupe;jtu;fs;> rikay; my;yJ NtW njhopy;fisr; nra;gtu;fisf; nfhz;L> mit gw;wpa nra;jpfisf; $wNth my;yJ nra;J fhl;lNth toptif nra;ayhk;
jpwikahd Kd;gs;sp Mrpupau;fs;. jhNk Njb
mwpitg; ngUf;fpf; nfhs;tu;. ghz;bj;jpaKilatu;fsplk; ,Ue;J ngWk; mwpit tpl>
jhkhfNt gps;isfisf; ftdkhf cd;dpg;NghL mtjhdpg;gjhYk;> gps;isfs;.
ngw;Nwhu;fNshL njhlhghlyhYk;> jkJ Kd;gs;sp Mrpupau;fNshL fye;J ciuahLtjhYk;.
gapw;rpfspy; fye;J gq;Fnfhz;L mDgtk; ngWtjhYk;> thrpg;gjhYk; jkJ epwikia tsu;j;Jr;
nfhs;s KbAk; Gjpa Kd;gs;spg; ghlj;jpl;lj;ijf; fw;W gapd;W gapw;rpaspf;Fk;NghJ
Mrpupaupd; jpwik gpufhrpf;Fk;.
fw;wy; epiyaq;fs; my;yJ nraw;ghl;L epiyaq;fs;. rpW FOf;fs;> my;yJ jdpnahU gps;is> Rje;jpukhf xU nraw;ghl;by; <LgLk; ,lj;ijj; Fwpf;Fk;. rpy jukhd Kd;gs;spfspd; fw;wy; epiyaq;fspy; fl;Lkhd jpz;kq;fs;> Gjpu;fs;. fzpj tpisahl;Lf;fs;. ,aw;ifg; nghUl;fslq;fpa gFjp> kzy;> ePu;> ePu;j;njhl;b> fsp> Nrhf;> Ngg;gu;> tpisahl;Lf; Frpdp> ghit%iy> Gj;jfg;ig> ,irf;fUtpfs;> eld. ehlf cilfisf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. tpUk;gpa fw;wy; epiyaq;fspy;> nraw;ghLfspy; %o;Ftu;. NtW rpy Rw;wy; epiyaq;fspy; Fwpg;gpl;lnraw;ghLfSf;fhd mikg;G> jiyg;Gf;Fg; nghUj;jkhdjhf> Row;rpKiwapy; gps;isfspd; tpUg;Gf;F Vw;g nfhz;bUf;Fk;. rpW tpQ;Qhdg; gupNrhjidfs;> rpj;jpuq;fs;. $l;lhspapd; nraw;ghLfSk; gpuhzpfs; my;yJ G+r;rpfis mtjhdpj;jy; Nghd;witAk; cs;slq;Fk;.
ntspf;fs tpisahl;L cgfuzq;fshd rkepyg; gyif. rPNrh> VupfSk; tof;fpfSk;> CQ;ry; Nghd;w gy;tifahd. gps;isfSf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd> tpisahl;Lg; nghUl;fSk; Kd;gs;spapy; ,lk;ngw Ntz;Lk;. kzy; epiwe;j ,lKk; Rje;jpukhd tpisahl;Lf;Fg; nghUj;jkhdJ.
nraw;ghLfisr; nra;af;$ba tifapy; gps;isfisf; FOf;fshf xOq;FgLj;j Ntz;Lk;. ,jid taJ mbg;gilapYk; gps;isfsJ Mu;tj;jpw;Nfw;gTk;> jpwik mbg;gilapYk; my;yJ fye;Jk; FOf;fis mikf;fyhk;. ehshe;j Ntiyj;jpl;lk; vy;yhk; gug;GfisAk; jOtp> mgptpUj;jpj; Njitfisf; ftdj;jpw;nfhz;L> fw;wy; mDgtq;fisj; jpl;lkpl Ntz;Lk;. Xa;T Neuq;fs;> ,ilNtisfs;. FOr; nraw;ghLfs;> Ntiyj;jpl;lj;jpy; mlq;fpapUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
xU nghJthd ehshe;j Ntiyj;jpl;lk;
eilKiwapy; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. mt;Ntiyj;jpl;lk; mLj;J elf;ftpUf;Fk; epfo;r;rpia
MtNthLk; Mu;tj;NjhLk; vjpu;ghu;f;Fk; tifapy; mikf;f Ntz;Lk;. ghlrhiyf;F tUk;
Neuk;> ntspf;fs tpisahl;L> xa;T Neuq;fs;> ,ilNtisfs;. FOr;nraw;ghLfs;.
Ntiyj; jpl;lj;jpy; mlq;fpapUf;f Ntz;Lk;. Mrpupaupd; ,ilawhj topfhl;ly; kpf Kf;fpakhdJ.
1.2 Kd;gs;sp Mrpupau; jd;id Nkk;gLj;jpf; nfhs;tjd; mtrpak;
Kd;gs;sp Mrpupau; gpd;tUk; tplaq;fis Nkk;gLj;jpf;
nfhs;tjw;fhf Njbawpe;J fw;W jd;id Nkk;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,jd;%yk;
gps;isfspd; tpUj;jp kl;lj;ij mjpfupf;f KbAk;.
GJikahd fw;wy;
R+oiy cUthf;Fjy; (Creating an Innovative Learning
Environment)
ghuk;gupa
fw;gpj;jy; KiwfspypUe;J tpyfp> jw;Nghija Kd;gs;spf; fy;tp etPd fw;gpj;jy;
Kiwfis typAWj;JfpwJ.
Gjpa fw;gpj;jy;
El;gq;fs;: Foe;ijfs; ,aw;ifahfNt fw;Wf; nfhs;s cjTk; tpisahl;L mbg;gilapyhd
fw;wy; (Play-Based
Learning)> mDgtf; fw;wy; (Experiential Learning) Nghd;w Kiwfspy;
Mrpupau;fs; gapw;rp ngw Ntz;Lk;.
njhopy;El;g
xUq;fpizg;G: nghUj;jkhd fy;tpr; nraypfs;> ClhLk; jpiufs; (Interactive
Screens)>
kw;Wk; ghJfhg;ghd b[pl;ly; fUtpfs; Nghd;wtw;iw tFg;giwapy; gad;gLj;jp>
fw;gpj;jiy ,d;Dk; ftu;r;rpfukhdjhfTk;> Clhlf;$bajhfTk; khw;Wk; jpwid
tsu;j;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
tFg;giw tbtikg;G:
Foe;ijfspd; NjitfisAk; fw;gidj; jpwidAk; J}z;Lk; tifapy;> tFg;giw mikg;ig
khw;wp> gy;NtW fw;wy; %iyfis (Learning Corners) cUthf;Fk;
El;gq;fis Mrpupau; mwpa Ntz;Lk;.
,ilj;jhf;fk;
kw;Wk; r%f-czu;r;rpj; jpwd;fis tsu;j;jy; (Developing
Interaction and Socio-Emotional Skills)
Kd;gs;spg; gUtk;
vd;gJ Foe;ijfs; r%fj; jpwd;fisf; fw;Wf; nfhs;Sk; Kf;fpaf; fl;lkhFk;.
kw;wtu;fSld; goFjy;> czu;Tfisg; Gupe;J nfhs;Sjy; kw;Wk; Kuz;ghLfisj;
jPu;f;Fk; jpwid tsu;f;f Mrpupau; cjt Ntz;Lk;.
r%f-czu;r;rpg;
gapw;rp: gr;rhjhgk; (Empathy)> czu;r;rpfisf;
fl;Lg;gLj;Jjy;> kw;Wk; gfpu;e;jspj;jy; Nghd;w r%fj; jpwd;fis tsu;f;Fk;
nraw;jpl;lq;fis (activities) tbtikf;Fk; Mw;wiy Mrpupau;
ngw;wpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Neu;kiwahd
njhlu;G: Foe;ijfSld; kl;Lkpd;wp> mtu;fspd; ngw;NwhUlDk;> rfhf;fSlDk;
jpwk;gl njhlu;Gnfhs;tjd; %yk;> Foe;ijapd; xl;Lnkhj;j tsu;r;rpf;F Mjuthd xU
r%fr; R+oiy cUthf;f Ntz;Lk;.
ghFghlw;w mZFKiw:
midj;Jf; Foe;ijfSk; rkk; vd;w Nehf;Fld;> xt;nthU Foe;ijapd; jdpg;gl;l
NjitfisAk;> NtWghLfisAk; mwpe;J> mtu;fis mutizj;Jr; nry;Yk;
kdg;ghd;ikAld; $ba gapw;rpfis Mrpupau; ngw Ntz;Lk;.
Kiwrhu;
ghlrhiyf;F Maj;jg;gLj;Jjy; (Preparing for Formal
Schooling)
Kiwahd ghlrhiyf;
fy;tpf;fhd mbj;jsj;ij mikg;gjpy; Kd;gs;spf; fy;tp Kf;fpag; gq;F tfpf;fpwJ. ,J
ntWkNd vOj;Jf;fisf; fw;Wf;nfhLg;gJ kl;Lky;y.
ghlj;jpl;l
Nkk;ghL: Kiwahd ghlrhiyf;Fj; Njitahd mwpthw;wy; (Cognitive)> nkhopapay;
(Linguistic)> cly; (Physical) kw;Wk; r%fj;
jpwd; (Social
Skills)
Mfpatw;wpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij czu;e;J> mtw;iwr; rkepiyg;gLj;Jk; tifapy;
ghlj;jpl;lq;fisj; jpl;lkpl Mrpupau; gapw;rp ngw Ntz;Lk;.
mwpTrhu;
jahu;epiy: fij nrhy;Yjy;> Nfs;tpfs; Nfl;gJ> rpf;fiyj; jPu;f;Fk;
nray;ghLfs; %yk; Foe;ijfspd; ftdk;> Qhgf rf;jp kw;Wk; gFj;jwpAk; jpwid
Nkk;gLj;Jk; gapw;rpfis Mrpupau; Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
gof;ftof;fq;fis
cUthf;Fjy;: fhy ml;ltiziag; gpd;gw;Wjy;> Mrpupaupd; topfhl;Ljy;fisg; Gupe;J
nray;gLjy; Nghd;w Kiwahd ghlrhiy mikg;Gf;Fj; Njitahd mbg;gilg; gof;ftof;fq;fis
Foe;ijfSf;Fs; tsu;f;f cjTk; cj;jpfis Mrpupau; fw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
njhlu;r;rpahd
njhopy;Kiw Nkk;ghL (Continuous Professional Development
- CPD)
,e;j midj;Jj;
NjitfisAk; G+u;j;jp nra;a> Kd;gs;sp Mrpupau; jd;idj; njhlu;r;rpahf
Nkk;gLj;jpf; nfhs;tJ (CPD) ,d;wpaikahjJ.
Nkk;ghl;Lj; Njit Vd; mtrpak;?
gapyuq;Ffs;
kw;Wk; gapw;rp newpfs; Gjpa fw;gpj;jy;
Kiwfs;> Foe;ij cstpay; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;G tpjpKiwfis mwpe;Jnfhs;s.
rfhf;fSld; fw;wy;
(Peer
Learning) gpw Mrpupau;fspd; rpwe;j
eilKiwfs; (Best Practices) kw;Wk; rthy;fisg; gfpu;e;J nfhs;tjw;F.
Ra Ma;T kw;Wk;
thrpg;G fy;tp Muha;r;rpfs;> Foe;ij
tsu;r;rpg; Gj;jfq;fs; %yk; mwpitg; GJg;gpj;Jf; nfhs;s.
nraw;jpl;l
tFj;jy; tFj;j nraw;jpl;lq;fs; gydspf;fpwjh
vd Ma;T nra;J> Njitf;Nfw;g khw;wpaikf;f.
Kd;gs;sp
Mrpupaupd; Nkk;ghl;bw;fhd $Ljy; Fwpg;Gfs;
Kd;gs;sp Mrpupau;
jd;id Nkk;gLj;jpf; nfhs;tjw;fhd Kf;fpa mk;rq;fs;> nraw;jpl;lq;fs; kw;Wk;
eilKiw cj;jpfs; Fwpj;j NkYk; tpupthd Fwpg;Gfs; fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
Foe;ijapd;
tsu;r;rp kw;Wk; cstpay; Fwpj;j Mokhd Gupjy;
Kd;gs;sp
Mrpupaupd; Nkk;ghl;bw;F Foe;ijapd; tsu;r;rpg; gbepiyfs; (Developmental
Milestones) gw;wpa Jy;ypakhd mwpT kpf mtrpak;.
Foe;ij cstpay;:
xt;nthU Foe;ijapd; mwpthw;wy;> cly;> r%f kw;Wk; czu;r;rp tsu;r;rpapy;
cs;s jdpg;gl;l NtWghLfisg; Gupe;Jnfhs;Sjy;.
Muk;g jiyaPL (Early
Intervention): fw;wy; FiwghLfs;> elj;ij rthy;fs; my;yJ tsu;r;rp jhkjq;fs;
Nghd;wtw;iw Muk;g epiyapNyNa milahsk; fz;L> ngw;NwhUf;F MNyhrid toq;Ftjw;fhd
mbg;gilg; gapw;rp.
nraw;ghL: xU
Fwpg;gpl;l tajpd; (v.fh: 4 taJ) tsu;r;rpf; FwpaPLfis (milestones) gl;baypl;L>
tFg;G khztu;fspy; vt;tsT Ngu; mtw;iwg; G+u;j;jp nra;fpwhu;fs; vd;gij kjpg;gpLk;
jpwd;.
Cf;fg;gLj;Jjy;
cj;jpfs;: Neu;kiwahd tYT+l;ly; (Positive Reinforcement) %yk; Foe;ijfspd;
ek;gpf;ifiaAk; RakupahijiaAk; tsu;g;gJ vg;gb vd;W mwpe;Jnfhs;Sjy;.
ngw;NwhUldhd
$l;Lwit Nkk;gLj;Jjy; (Enhancing Parent-Teacher
Partnership)
Foe;ijapd;
tsu;r;rpapy; ngw;Nwhu; kpf Kf;fpakhd gq;F tfpf;fpd;wdu;. mtu;fisg; gq;fhspfshf
,izj;Jf;nfhs;tJ Mrpupaupd; jpwikiag; nghWj;jJ.
jpwikahd ciuahly;:
Foe;ijapd; Kd;Ndw;wk; kw;Wk; rthy;fs; Fwpj;J ngw;NwhUf;Fj; njspthfg;
GupAk;gb> kupahijAld; njhlu;Gnfhs;Sk; jpwid tsu;j;Jf; nfhs;Sjy;.
cj;jp:
'Foe;ijiag; gw;wp xU Neu;kiwahd tp\aj;Jld;' ciuahliyj; njhlq;Fk; El;gj;ijg;
gad;gLj;jg; gapw;rp vLj;jy;.
tsq;fis toq;Fjy;:
tPl;by; Foe;ijfs; fw;wiyj; njhlu;tjw;F VJthf> vspa gapw;rpfs; my;yJ
tpisahl;Lfisg; ngw;NwhUf;Fg; gupe;Jiuf;Fk; Mw;wy;.
ngw;Nwhu;
gapyuq;Ffs;: Foe;ij tsu;g;G> Cl;lr;rj;J my;yJ thrpg;gpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; Fwpj;J
ngw;NwhUf;Fg; gapyuq;Ffis elj;j MrpupaNu jahuhjy;.
ghJfhg;G kw;Wk;
MNuhf;fpa topfhl;Ljy;fs; (Safety and Health
Guidelines)
Foe;ijfs;
ghJfhg;ghd R+oypy; ,Uf;Fk;NghJjhd; rpwg;ghff; fw;Wf;nfhs;s KbAk;.
Kjy; cjtp gapw;rp
(First
Aid):
%r;Rj; jpzwy;> fhak; my;yJ jpBu; cly;eyf;FiwT Vw;gl;lhy; ifahs Ntz;ba
mtruf;fhy eilKiwfs; Fwpj;J fl;lhag; gapw;rp ngWjy;.
tFg;giw ghJfhg;G
jzpf;if: tFg;giw cgfuzq;fs;> jsghlq;fs; kw;Wk; fw;wy; %iyapy; cs;s nghUl;fs;
Foe;ijfSf;Fg; ghJfhg;ghditah vd;gijj; njhlu;e;J kjpg;gpLk; jpwd;.
Rfhjhug;
gof;fq;fs;: if fOTjy;> ,UKk;NghJ/Jk;Kk;NghJ gpd;gw;w Ntz;ba newpKiwfs;
Nghd;w ey;y Rfhjhug; gof;fq;fisr; nray;jpwDld; Foe;ijfSf;Ff; fw;gpf;Fk;
cj;jpfs;.
nraw;jpl;lq;fis
tFg;gjpy; cs;s Mf;fG+u;tkhd jpwd;
nraw;jpl;lq;fs;
vd;gJ ntWkNd nray;ghLfisj; jpl;lkpLtJ my;y; mJ ,yf;Ffis miltjw;fhd xU tiuglk;.
xUq;fpize;j
ghlj;jpl;lk; (Integrated Curriculum): nkhopiaf; fw;gpf;Fk;NghJ fzpjk;
my;yJ mwptpaiyAk; ,izj;J> xd;Nwhnlhd;W njhlu;Gila nray;ghLfis tbtikf;Fk;
jpwd;.
vLj;Jf;fhl;L:
rikay; nray;ghl;bd; %yk; msTfs; (fzpjk;) kw;Wk; nghUl;fisg; gw;wpa tpopg;Gzu;T
(mwptpay;) Mfpatw;iwf; fw;gpj;jy;.
nraw;jpl;l
kjpg;gPL (Assessment): tFj;j nraw;jpl;lk; vjpu;ghu;j;j
tpisTfisf; nfhLj;jjh vd;gij mstpl> ftdpj;jy; (Observation) kw;Wk;
Mtzg;gLj;Jjy; (Documentation) Nghd;w Kiwfisg;
gad;gLj;jg; gapw;rp vLj;jy;.
jtWfspypUe;J fw;wy;: xU nray;ghL Njhy;tpaile;jhy;> mjw;fhd fhuzq;fis gFg;gha;T nra;J> mLj;j Kiw mij vt;thW Nkk;gLj;JtJ vd;W jpl;lkpLjy;.
ngw;NwhUld;
$l;bize;J nray;gLtjw;fhd topfs;
Kd;gs;sp
Mrpupau;fs;> Foe;ijfspd; fw;wy; kw;Wk; tsu;r;rpf;F tYthd MjuT mikg;ig
cUthf;f> ngw;NwhUld; ntw;wpfukhff; $l;bize;J nray;gLtJ kpf mtrpakhdjhFk;.
,e;jf; $l;bizg;igg; gyg;gLj;jTk;> jfty; njhlu;ig Nkk;gLj;jTk; cjtf;$ba
topfs; ,q;Nf nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
jpwe;j kw;Wk;
gy;Jiw jfty; njhlu;G (Open and Multi-faceted
Communication)
jfty; njhlu;G
,Utopg; ghijahf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ngw;Nwhu; jq;fs; fUj;Jf;fs; kjpf;fg;gLfpd;wd
vd;W czUk;NghJ> xj;Jiog;G mjpfupf;fpwJ.
md;whlj; njhlu;G
Fwpg;NgL (Daily Communication Log): Foe;ijapd; md;whl kdepiy>
fw;wy; nray;ghLfs;> czTg; gof;fk;> kw;Wk; md;iwa jpdk; mtu;fs; ngw;w Gjpa
mDgtq;fs; Fwpj;j RUf;fkhd Fwpg;ig jpdKk; vOJjy;. ,J ngw;NwhUf;F tFg;giwapy;
vd;d ele;jJ vd;gijg; Gupe;Jnfhs;s cjTfpwJ.
thuk;/khjhe;jpu
Rw;wwpf;iffs; (Newsletters): tutpUf;Fk; ghlj;jpl;lq;fs;>
jpl;lkplg;gl;l fUg;nghUs; nray;ghLfs;> kw;Wk; Mrpupaupd; Fwpf;Nfhs;fs;
Fwpj;J Kd;$l;bNa ngw;NwhUf;Fj; njuptpj;jy;.
gy;jpwd;
njhlu;Gr; rhjdq;fs;: FWQ;nra;jpfs;> gpuj;jpNafg; gs;spapd; nrayp (App) my;yJ kpd;dQ;ry;
Nghd;w gy rhjdq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp> ngw;NwhUf;F vJ trjpNah> mjd; %yk;
tpiuthd jfty;fisg; gupkhwpf;nfhs;Sjy;.
ngw;Nwhu;-Mrpupau;
re;jpg;Gfs; kw;Wk; MNyhridfs; (Parent-Teacher Meetings and
Consultations)
re;jpg;Gfs;
rhjhuzkhfg; Gfhu;fisf; $Wtjhf ,y;yhky;> ,yf;F rhu;e;j Kd;Ndw;wj;ijg;
gw;wpajhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Neu;kiwr;
re;jpg;G mZFKiw: xU Foe;ijapd; gyk; my;yJ Neu;kiwahd mk;rj;ijf; Fwpg;gpl;L
re;jpg;igj; njhlq;FtJ> rthyhd gpur;rpidfisg; gw;wpg; NgRk;NghJ ngw;Nwhiuf;
Fog;gkilahky; jLf;Fk;.
,yf;F rhu;e;j
ciuahly;: Foe;ijapd; tsu;r;rpf;F tFg;giwapy; Mrpupau; vd;d nra;fpwhu;
vd;gijAk;> tPl;by; ngw;Nwhu; vd;d Mjuit toq;fyhk; vd;gijAk; gw;wp
,Ujug;gpdUk; ,ize;J vl;lf;$ba> Fwpg;gpl;l> mstplf;$ba ,yf;Ffis (SMART
Goals)
mikj;jy;.
vLj;Jf;fhl;L:
"mLj;j ,uz;L thuq;fSf;F> ,utpy; J}q;Ftjw;F Kd; 10 epkplq;fshtJ Foe;ijf;Fg;
Gj;jfk; thrpj;Jf; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;."
jpwe;j
fye;Jiuahly; mku;Tfs;: fy;tprhu; Nfs;tpfs; kl;Lky;yhky;> ngw;NwhUf;Fs;s kd
mOj;jq;fs;> rthy;fs; Fwpj;Jg; NgrTk;> xUtUf;nfhUtu; Mjutspf;Fk; r%f
tiyg;gpd;diy cUthf;fTk; xU jsj;ij toq;Fjy;.
tFg;giw kw;Wk;
ghlrhiyr; nray;ghLfspy; ngw;Nwhu; gq;Nfw;G (Involving Parents in
Class Activities)
ngw;Nwhu; ntWk;
jfty; ngWeu;fshf ,y;yhky;> nraypy; cs;s gq;fhspfshf khWk; tha;g;Gfis
toq;Fjy;.
tFg;giw
tpUe;jpdu;fs;: ngw;Nwhu; jq;fs; njhopy; my;yJ fyhrhuk; Fwpj;Jg; NgRtjw;Nfh>
xU fijiag; gfpu;e;J nfhs;tjw;Nfh> my;yJ xU rpwpa iftpidg; nghUisr;
nra;tjw;Nfh tFg;giwf;F te;J Neuj;ijr; nrytpl mtu;fis Cf;Ftpj;jy;.
tPl;Lf; fw;wy;
,izg;Gfs; (Home Learning Connections): tFg;giwapy;
fw;Wf;nfhz;l xU ghlj;ij (v.fh: fha;fwpfs;) tPl;by; xU nray;jpl;lkhf (v.fh:
fha;fwpj; Njhl;lk; tiutJ) njhlu ngw;NwhUf;F topfhl;Ljy;.
nghUl;fs;
cUthf;fk;: tFg;giw fw;wy; %iyfSf;fhd (Learning Corners) nghUl;fis
cUthf;FtjpNyh my;yJ ,aw;if tsq;fisr; Nrfupg;gjpNyh (v.fh: ,iyfs;>
$ohq;fw;fs;) ngw;Nwhupd; cjtpia ehLjy;.
4. tsq;fs; kw;Wk;
gapw;rp mspj;jy; (Providing Resources and Training)
Foe;ij tsu;r;rp
Fwpj;j mbg;gil mwpit ngw;NwhUf;F toq;FtJ mtu;fSf;F ek;gpf;ifiaAk; njspitAk;
nfhLf;Fk;.
ts E}yfk;: Foe;ij
cstpay;> czu;r;rp tsu;r;rp> my;yJ tpisahl;L mbg;gilapyhd fw;wy; gw;wpa
RUf;fkhd> vspa Fwpg;Gfs;> ifNaLfs; my;yJ Gj;jfg; gupe;JiufSld; $ba xU ts
ikaj;ij (Resource Library) cUthf;Fjy;.
ngw;NwhUf;fhd
gapyuq;Ffs;: ‘vg;gb tpisahl;L %yk; thrpg;ig Nkk;gLj;JtJ>" ‘rz;ilfis
mikjpahff; ifahs;tJ vg;gb>" my;yJ "rj;jhd rpw;Wz;bfisj;
jahupj;jy;" Nghd;w jiyg;Gfspy; MrpupaNu gapyuq;Ffis elj;Jjy;.
njhopy;Kiw
topfhl;ly;: Njitg;gLk; ngw;NwhUf;Fg; Ngr;R rpfpr;irahsu;fs;> my;yJ Foe;ij
cstpayhsu;fs; Nghd;w njhopy; ty;Yeu;fSf;fhd njhlu;Gfis toq;Fjy;.
,e;j cj;jpfisg;
gpd;gw;Wtjd; %yk;> Kd;gs;sp Mrpupau; tFg;giwiaAk; tPl;ilAk; ,izf;Fk; xU
ghykhfr; nray;gl KbAk;. ,J Foe;ijf;F xUq;fpize;j> epiyahd kw;Wk; md;ghd
Mjuit toq;FfpwJ.
Kd;gs;spiar;
R+oTs;stu;fNshL njhlu;Gnfhz;L> ntspf;fsr; nraw;ghLfspy; <Lglyhk;.
gf;fj;jpy; cs;s taw;gug;G> re;ij. fil> Nfhapy;> njhopw;rhiy
Nghd;wtw;wpw;Fg; gps;isfisf; $l;br;nrd;W ghu;itaplyhk;. gps;isfNshL
jghw;fhuu;> kuf;fwp> kPd; tpw;Nghu; kw;Wk; vkf;F cjTNthiu ciuahl xOq;F
nra;ayhk;. juhR> irf;fps;> jghy;> uau;> kzp Nghd;w nghUl;fisAk;>
rpwpJ ngupJ> ePsk;. fl;il. $baJ. Fiwe;jJ vd;gd Nghd;w vz;zf;fUf;fs;
gps;isfs; kdjpy; cUthf ,y;tifr; nraw;ghLfs; cjTk;.
Kd;gs;spapy;
fw;gpj;jy; kpfTk; rpf;fyhd gzp ,yFthdjy;y. Mdhy; mOj;jkhd GJikfSldhd>
nraw;ghLfs; epiwe;j mZFKiwapdhy; kfpo;r;rpAk; Fk;khsKk; epiwe;J> kd epiwT
nfhs;s top tFf;fyhk;. nghJ mwpT. jpwkhd njhlu;ghlw;jpwd;. mtjhdpf;Fk; jpwd;>
mtw;iw tpsq;fpf;nfhs;Se;jpwd;> tiuAk; Mw;wy;. R+oiy cw;rhfg;gLj;jpf;
FJ}fypg;Gf;F cs;shf;Fe; jpwd; Mfpad Kd;gs;sp MrpupaUf;F ,d;wpaikahjd.
Kd;gs;sp Mrpupau;
ghlj;jpl;lk;> ghlf;Fwpg;G ghlg;gjpTld; xt;nthU gps;isf;F Kupa Kd;Ndw;wk;
gbtj;ijg; Ngzp gps;isfhJ jpwd; tpUj;jpfisg; gjpe;J kjpg;gpl Ntz;Lk;.
Kd;gs;sp
fw;gpj;jypy; xU epiwthd> Kiwahd mZFKiwAz;L> mjid RUf;fkhf Mq;fpyj;jpy;
vk;.vy;.<.vd;gu;. Mrpupau; fw;gpj;jypd;NghJ> my;yJ fw;ww; nraw;ghLfs;
cUthf;Fk;NghJ gps;isAld; tpUg;GNehf;Fld; eLtuhftpUe;J jiyapLjy;> mjhtJ
gps;isapd; fw;wy; tha;g;Gfspy; jiyaPl;L> fw;wy; mDgtq; fis cUthf;Fjy;
vd;gJjhd; mjd; ruhkhFk;.
,jd; KOikahd
Nehf;fk;. gps;isfs; jkJ gz;ghl;Lf;Fs;. jhq;fs; fw;fNtz;batw;iw ,yFthf;fpf;$Wk;
mZFKiwahFk;. ,J kpfTk; ,yFthd mZFKiwahFk;. Ie;J jiyg;Gf;fis mbg;gilahff;
nfhz;lJ. ,jid ,yFtpy; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;syhk;. ngw;whu; njhlf;fk; Mrpupau;fs;
tiu> tPLfis xOq;FgLj;JtJ njhlf;fk; epWtdkag;gLj;jy; tiu> ahtUk;
gpuNahfpf;fyhk;. ,e;j mZFKiwik mDruiz my;yJ jiyaPl;L ika vz;zf;fUtpy;
jq;fpAs;sJ.
xt;nthU gpd;idAk;
xU NjitiaAk; xU cupikiaAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ. gps;isfsJ fyhrhuk;. R+oy;> mjidr;
R+oe;Js;s cz;ik epiyfis Gupaitf;f Ntz;Lk; ,tw;wpD}lhf mtu;fsJ Njitfis>
cupikfisg; ngWtjw;F topfhl;l Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;Fj; jha;jhd; jiyik jhq;Fk; nghWg;ig
Vw;fpwhu;. gyhrhu epfo;Tfspy; jiyapLk; gzp> my;yJ mDrupf;Fk; nghWg;G>
jhnaDk; guhkupg;ghsu; kPNj tpOfpwJ. mj;Jld; FLk;g mq;fj;jtu;fs;> cwtpdu;fs;.
cld;gpwg;Gf;fSk; Nru;e;J nfhs;fpd;wdu;. MfNt ,t;tif Kiwikfspd; nraw;ghLfs; tsu;e;Njhupd;
fy;tp epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fspy; jq;fpAs;sJ. ,e; jpl;lj;jpy; tsu;e;Njhupd; ntw;wp
fy;tp epfo;r;rpj;jpl;l gapw;rp. newpg;gLj;jy;> kjpg;gply;> guhkupg;gtupd;
gq;Fnfhs;Sk; kdg;ghq;fpYk; jq;fpAs;sJ. ,jd; Fwpg;ghd cs;slf;fk; fyhrhukhFk;.
gz;ghL vd;gJ ,aw;ifahdJ. mjid ,yFthf tpsq;fpf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
Nguhrpupia gpiddh
nfypd;> jdJ Ma;tpid eilKiwg;gLj;j Ie;J Kf;fpa tpjpfis ,dq;fz;lhu;. mit
Muk;gg;gps;isg;gUt mwpT tpUj;jpf;F Kf;fpakhd rhjdq;fshFk;. ,yFthf
Gupe;Jf;nfhs;sf;$bad. mtu; mDruiz my;yJ jiyaPL vz;zf;fUit vkakhff; nfhz;L jdJ
Ma;tpid Nkw;nfhz;lhu;.
mjd; gpd;du;
Nguhrpupau; Mu;.gpA];upd; jdJ rfghbfis gy tUlq;fshf 12 myF msT tiffis ru;tNjr
fw;wy; trPfupj;jy; epiyaj;jpy; cUthf;fpdhu;. Nguhrpupau; Nf.fz;Bw; mtu;fs;
mwpjpwid Ie;J jiyg;Gfspy; mwpthw;ww; gupkhzq;fSf;F cjtKfkhf> jha;-gps;isf;F
,ilapyhd kdntOr;rp ntspapLk; tpjq;fis cs;slf;fpa Mk; Row;rp Kiwapid
ntspapl;lhu;.
fyhrhu my;yJ
gz;ghl;L mwpT> me;jf; fyhrhuj;ijr; Nru;e;j xUtuhy; jahupf;fg;gl;L
Kd;itf;fg;gLfpwJ. neUq;fpa ciuahlyhf ,UtupilNa gupkhwg;gLfpwJ ,f;fw;wy;
mDgtq;fs; xU jpl;lkw;w mDrupg;G my;yJ jiyaPlhf khWfpwJ vd Nguhrpupau; Fz;Bw;
$Wfpwhu;.
gpd;tUk; Ie;J
$WfSk; gps;isf;Fk; guhkupg;gtUf;FkpilNa fhzg;gLk;. mDrupg;G my;yJ jiyaPl;L
cs;shf;fj;jpd; ,ay;Gfis njuptpf;fpd;wd.
Nehf;fj;Jld; gupkhwpf;nfhs;sy;
Mrpupau;
gps;isNahL njhlu;Gnfhz;L mjw;Nfw;g Jyq;fitg;gjhapd;> jdJ ftdj;ij gps;isapd;
,ay;gpw;Fk; tpUg;gj;jpw;Nfw;wthWk;. ,irthf;fk; nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ,jidr; nra;jgpd;
Mrpupau; gps;isapd; ftdj;ij <u;f;f Ntz;Lk;. mf;ftd <u;g;G xU nghUspd;
kPNjh. jiyg;gpd; kPNjh kjpg;igAk; cau;itAk; Vw;gLj;jptpLk;.
epidj;j nghUs;
kPJ MrpupauJk; gps;isapdJk;> ftdKk; vz;zKk; xUq;fpizAk;NghJ eykhd mDruiz
my;yJ jiyaPL cUthfptpLk;
,e;epiyapy;
Mrpupah epidj;jJ epiwNtwptpLk;. gps;isAk; jd; ftdj;ij Mrpupaupd; ghy; jpUg;Gthd;.
Mrpupaupd; vz;zKk; kdtWjpAk; gps;isapd; gupkhwpf;nfhs;Sk; jd;ikAk;
rq;fkpf;fpwJ. ,e;j KjyhtJ Kiwahd vk;.vy;.17Mrpupau; tpUg;G Nehf;Fld; eLtuhf
,Ue;J jiyapLjy; my;yJ mDrupj;J cjTk; fw;wy; mDgtk; Vida epiyikfs; njhlu
VJthfpwJ. 02. fUj;jpidg; gps;isfSf;F tpsf;Ftjw;F jiyaply;>
Mrpupau;
gps;isfs; thOk; R+oypYs;s kf;fs;> nghUl;fs; gw;wpa mjprakhd mw;Gjkhd
mDgtq;fisr; nrhy;Yk; NghNj mtw;wpd; ngau;fisAk; fUj;Jf;fisAk; nrhy;thu;. ,jd;
CNl gps;isfs; cyfpd; gz;ghl;Lk; ghuhk;gupaq;fis mwpe;J nfhs;s cjTfpwJ.
03.fUj;jpid
tpupthf;fy;.
Mrpupau; jdJ
iftrKs;s jiyg;gpis tpsf;Fk;NghJk;> xg;gPL nra;Ak;NghJk; njspTgLj;Jk;NghJk;.
tpdhTk;NghJk; njhlu;Gila rhd;Wfis ,dq;fhl;Lk; NghJk;> njhlu;ghd fijfs;
nrhy;Yk;NghJk; rpy rkaq;fspy; Fwpg;gpl;l ghlg; gug;gpd; vy;iyf;F mk;ghYk;
nry;tJz;L. xU nghUNshL njhlu;ig Vw;gLj;jy; my;yJ xU epfo;NthL njhlu;Gila>
Kjy; ele;j epfo;r;rpapd; mDgtq;fisg; nghUj;jkhd Neuj;jpy; njhlu;GgLj;jy; my;yJ
vjpu;ghu;j;jy; Nghd;wdTk; fUj;jpid tpuptilar; nra;a ty;yJ.
04. jFjp gw;wp
vz;zq;fs;.
xU gpd;id
VjhtnjhU nraiy ed;whfr; nra;Ak;NghJ ghuhl;b Nghw;Wjy; %yk;> gps;isf;F jdJ
jFjpgw;wpa czu;it Vw;gLj;jyhk;. mNjNtis mr;nray; Vd; ed;whf ,Ue;jJ vd;gjidapl;L
Mrpupah gpupthf tpsf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,J gps;isf;Fr; rhjfkhd jdJ gpujpgpk;gj;ij
cUthf;f cjTk; mNjNtis mwpitg; ngwTk; vjpu;fhyj;jpy; jpwikahfr; nra;aTk; cjTk;
05. jpl;lkplYk;
xOq;FgLj;jYk;.
Mrpupau;
gps;isapd; ,ay;gpw;Nfw;g jd;idr; rupg;gLj;jp> xU nraiy tupirg;gLj;jp
jpl;lkpl;L xOq;FgLj;j Ntz;Lk; mjd; %yk; Fwpf;Nfhis mila toptFf;fyhk;. ,t
top%yk; gps;is jdJ Rafl;Lg;ghl;il cUthf;f KbAk;: gpur;rpid jPu;f;Fk;
mZFKiwfspy;> khwhj gad;jUk; cghaq;fis ifahSk;. xU nraiy nra;Ak; Kd;>
jpl;lj;ij tFj;J kdjpy; fpufpf;Fk; jd;ikf;Nfw;g xOq;FgLj;jptpLk;NghJ> fw;ww;
nraw;ghl;bYk; elj;ijapYk;
khw;wk; Vw;gLk;. mNjNghy; gps;is rhu;e;j fyhrhuj;jpw;Nfw;g kdntOr;rpfis ntspapl gytopfNsw;gLk;.
Vd; mDrupg;G
my;yJ jiyaPL fw;wy; mDgt mZFKiw typik ngWfpwJ. ,t;tZFKiw xU fiyahFk;.
gps;isfspd; kdjpy; fpufpj;jy; tpUj;jpia tsu;j;njLf;f Kaw;rpj;J. gy;NtW tho;f;if
epiyfspy; gy ed;ikfis mspf;fpd;wJ. gps;isfs; ngupatu;fshdJk; tho;f;ifapy; ey;y
mDgtq;fis rhjpf;f re;ju;g;gq;fis Vw;gLj;JfpwJ.
,f;fiy xUtupd;
jd;dk;gpf;ifia tpUj;jpAw itg;gjw;F mbg;gilahfpwJ. vd;dhy; KbahJ. mijr;
nra;tjw;F ehd; jFjpaw;wtd;> vd;w epiyg;ghL kiwe;J “vd;dhy;
KbAk;" vd;w Jzpit Vw;gLj;JfpwJ.
mZruidj; jiykPl;L
fw;gpj;jy; mDgtq;fs;" vDk; E}tpy; mjd; Mrpupau; mDrupg;Gj; jiykPl;Lf;
fw;wy; mDgt mZFKiw> kdpj ,dj;jpw;F xg;gw;w ,uz;L ghupa ,ay;GfSf;Ff;
fhuzkhfpd;wJ. ,e;j ,U ,ay;GfSk; xd;NwhL xd;W gpd;dpg; gpize;Js;sd. ,t; ,U
,ay;GfSk; kdpj ,dj;jpd; khWe; jd;ikf;Fk;> ,l;Lr; nry;Yk; jd;ikf;Fk;.
tsu;r;rpf; fl;lq;fs; G+uhfTk; cjT fpwJ. mwpjy; fl;likg;Gf;fis gytpfw;gkhf;Fk;
Nghf;fpidAk; tpsf;Ffpwhu;>
kdpj ,dj;jpw;F
xg;gw;w kpfg; gpujhd Fztpay;Gfspy; xd;W> mjd; nefpo; jd;ikahFk;. kdpj
,dj;jpd; mwpAk; fl;likg;ig Mzpj;jukhf khw;Wtjw;Fk; gytpfw;gkhf;Ftjw;Fk; my;yJ
gue;Jgl itg;gjw;Fk; nghUj;jKila jhf;F fpd;wJ. rpf;fyhdJk; gof;fkpy;yhjJkhd
re;ju;g;gq;fspy; kdpjd; jd;id ,irthf;fk; ngwf;$ba Mw;wiyf; fw;Wf;nfhs;s
cjTfpwJ. ,f;fw;wy; Kiw ,y;yhjtplj;J capUf;F nefpo;Ts;s jd;ikahf khwptpLk;.
J}z;ly; Kiw aw;wjhf kOq;fbf;Fe; jd;ikaw;wjhfptpLk; R+oypypUe;J ngWk; mDgtq;fSk;
gadw;wjhfptpLk; vd Nguhrpupau; g;G+u;];uPd; $Wfpwhu;.
mDruidj; jiyaPl;L Kiw my;yJ eLtu; Clhd fw;wy; Kiw guhkupg;NghiuAk; gps;isfisAk; gq;Fnfhs;s tYT+l;LfpwJ. ,J fyhrhuj;jpw;F ntspNa eilngw KbahJ. fw;ww; nraw;ghl;il mjpfupf;fr; nra;tjw;Fk;. khw;wj;ij mjpfupj;J Vw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;Fk; cjTfpwJ. kpf tpiuthf khWk; cyfj;ij vjpu;Nehf;Fk; gps;isapd; ghu;itapy;> Nkyjpf Cf;fj;ij Cl;LfpwJ. mwpjy; gpujpgypg;Gf;F mbg;gilj;jskpLfpwJ. vjpu;fhyj;jpw;F vjpu;T $Wk; Mw;wiy toq;FfpwJ. gps;isfSk; tsu;e;NjhUk; gq;F nfhs;s tha;g;gspf;fpwJ.
02 ePu; xU Kd;gs;sp
Mrpupau;fSf;fhd MNyhrfuhf epakpf;fg;gLkplj;J Mrpupiaaplk; ,Uf;f Ntz;ba
fw;gpj;jYf;fhd Neu; gz;Gj;jpwd;fis Nkk;gLj;jpf;nfhs;tjw;F vLf;fNtz;ba
nraw;ghLfSf;fhd xU nraw;jpl;lj;ij cUthf;fp vt;thW eilKiwg;gLj;JtPu; vd;gij
tpupthf tpsf;Ff.
nraw;jpl;lj;jpd;
Nehf;fk;
·
Kd;gs;sp Mrpupau;fs;> Foe;ijfspd; Muk;gfhy tsu;r;rpf;F
kpfTk; Kf;fpakhdtu;fshf ,Ug;gjhy;> mtu;fs;:
·
cau; r%f-czu;r;rp Ez;zwpTld; (Social-Emotional
Intelligence) fw;gpj;jy;
·
Neu;kiwahd tFg;giwf; fyhr;rhuj;ij (Positive
Classroom Culture) cUthf;Fjy;
·
xt;nthU Foe;ijapd; jdpg;gl;l NjitfisAk; mq;fPfupj;J
Cf;Ftpj;jy;
·
fw;gpj;jypy; rypg;gpd;ik> cw;rhfk; kw;Wk; GJik Mfpatw;iw
epiyepWj;Jjy;
·
Mfpa Neu; gz;Gj;jpwd;fis Nkk;gLj;JtNj ,j;jpl;lj;jpd;
gpujhd Nehf;fkhFk;
gq;Fgw;Wdupd;
vz;zpf;if
1. Mrpupau;fs; - 15
Ngu;
2. ghlrhiy – 07
3. nraw;ghl;L fhyk;
njhlq;fpa jpfjp :
nraw;jpl;lj;jpd;
fl;likg;G kw;Wk; eilKiwg;gLj;jy;
,e;jr; nraw;jpl;lk;
%d;W Kf;fpa fl;lq;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ:
gFjp 1: Muk;gf;
fl;lk; - Njit kw;Wk; gz;Gj;jpwd; kjpg;gPL (Assessment Phase)
|
eltbf;if |
tptuk; |
eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy; Kiw |
|
mbg;gil kjpg;gPL |
Mrpupiaapd; jw;NghJs;s
Neu; gz;Gj;jpwd; kl;lj;ij (c.k;: nghWik> gr;rhjhgk;> tFg;giw
Kfhikj;Jtk;> Mw;wy;) mstpLjy;. |
eilKiw: Ra kjpg;gPl;Lg;
gbtq;fs;> kiwKf tFg;giwf; fz;fhzpg;G> rf Copau; gpd;D}l;lk;. |
|
Njitfs; fz;lwpjy; |
ve;nje;jj; Jiwfspy;
mjpf ftdk; Njit vd;gij ,dq;fhZjy;. |
eilKiw: kjpg;gPl;L
KbTfspd; mbg;gilapy; jdpegu; tsu;r;rp ,yf;Ffis (Individual Development Goals - IDGs) tiuaWj;jy;. |
|
jpl;lkply; FO |
ghlrhiy epu;thfk;
kw;Wk; rf MNyhrfu;fSld; Nru;e;J> gapw;rpg; gl;liwfSf;fhd cs;slf;fj;ij
tbtikj;jy;. |
eilKiw: Foe;ijapd;
cstpay; epGzu;fs; kw;Wk; mDgtk; tha;e;j Mrpupau;fspd; cs;sPLfisg; ngWjy;. |
gFjp 2: kj;jpa
fl;lk; - gapw;rp kw;Wk; topfhl;ly; (Training and Mentoring
Phase)
,J
nraw;jpl;lj;jpd; Kf;fpa gFjpahFk;. ,jpy; gpd;tUk; jpwd;-rhu; gapw;rpg;
gl;liwfs; kw;Wk; nraw;ghLfs; mlq;Fk;:
gr;rhjhgKk;
czu;r;rp Kfhikj;JtKk; (Empathy and Emotional Management)
Nehf;fk;: Nfhgk;,
tpuf;jp Nghd;w vjpu;kiw czu;Tfisf; ifahs;tjw;Fk;, Foe;ijapd; ghu;itapy; ,Ue;J
rpe;jpg;gjw;Fk; gapw;rp mspj;jy;.
nraw;ghL:
czu;r;rp ehlfq;fs; (Role-Playing) %yk; tFg;giwr;
rthy;fis vjpu;nfhs;Sjy;. czu;r;rpr; rthy;fspd;NghJ Mokhd Rthrk; Nghd;w kdij
mikjpg;gLj;Jk; El;gq;fisg; gapw;Wtpj;jy;.
gz;Gj;jpwd;
Nkk;ghL: nghWik, epjhdk;, gr;rhjhgk;.
Neu;kiwj; njhlu;G
kw;Wk; tFg;giwf; fyhr;rhuk; (Positive Communication and Culture)
Nehf;fk;:
jz;lidf;Fg; gjpyhf, Cf;Ftpg;G kw;Wk; Cf;fkspf;Fk; nkhopiag; gad;gLj;Jtij
typAWj;Jjy;.
nraw;ghL: I-Statements (c.k;: eP rj;jk;
NghLk;NghJ vd;dhy; ftdk; nrYj;j Kbatpy;iy) kw;Wk; tsj;ijg; ghuhl;Lk;
thu;j;ijfs; (c.k;: cd;Dila Xtpaj;jpy; eP gad;gLj;jpa epwq;fs; kpfTk; ijupakhf
,Uf;fpd;wd) Nghd;w Neu;kiwahd nkhopg; ghtid El;gq;fisg; gapw;rp nra;jy;.
gz;Gj;jpwd;
Nkk;ghL: cw;rhfk; njspthd kw;Wk; Neu;kiwahd Ngr;R.
rypg;gpd;ik
kw;Wk; GJik (Enthusiasm and Novelty)
Nehf;fk;:
fw;gpj;jypy; cs;s rypg;Gzu;itf; fise;J Gjpa fw;gpj;jy; Kiwfisf; ifahs;tJ.
nraw;ghL:
khjhe;jk; xU Gjpa fw;gpj;jy; cj;jpia (c.k;: ntspg;Gw fw;wy; fij nrhy;yy; %yk;
fzpjg; gapw;rp) gupNrhjid nra;a Cf;Ftpj;J mjd; mDgtq;fisg; gfpu;jy;.
gz;Gj;jpwd;
Nkk;ghL: Mw;wy;, rypg;gpd;ik GJik ehl;lk;.
xUtUf;nfhUtu; topfhl;ly;
(Peer-Mentoring
and Coaching)
Nehf;fk;: rpwe;j
gz;Gj;jpwd;fs; nfhz;l MrpupiafSld;, Gjpa Mrpupiafs; ,ize;J fw;gjw;F toptif
nra;jy;.
nraw;ghL:
"jpwe;j fjT tFg;giwfs;" %yk; xU Mrpupau; kw;w Mrpupiaapd; tFg;giwapy;
mtjhdpg;ghsuhff; fye;Jnfhz;L Neu;kiwahd gpd;D}l;lj;ij toq;Fjy;.
|
eltbf;if |
tptuk; |
eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy; Kiw |
|
njhlu; fz;fhzpg;G |
gapw;rpfis tFg;giwr;
R+oypy; Mrpupiafs; vt;thW gad;gLj;Jfpwhu;fs; vd;gijf; fz;fhzpj;jy;. |
eilKiw: %d;W khjq;fSf;F
xUKiw> MNyhridf; FOtpdu; tFg;giwf; fz;fhzpg;G kw;Wk; gpd;D}l;l mku;Tfis
elj;Jjy;. |
|
ghjpg;G kjpg;gPL |
Muk;g kjpg;gPl;by;
fz;lwpag;gl;l Neu; gz;Gj;jpwd; Fwpfhl;bfspy; Vw;gl;Ls;s Kd;Ndw;wj;ij
mstpLjy;. |
eilKiw: kPz;Lk; Ra
kjpg;gPL kw;Wk; tFg;giwf; fz;fhzpg;G %yk; juTfisr; Nrfupj;J xg;gPL nra;jy;. |
|
mq;fPfhuk; kw;Wk; Cf;fkspg;G |
rpwe;j gz;Gj;jpwd;fisf;
fhz;gpf;Fk; Mrpupiafis mq;fPfupj;jy;. |
eilKiw: Neu;kiw
Mrpupau; tpUJ" Nghd;w mq;fPfhuq;fis toq;Fjy;. ,J kw;wtu;fSf;F ce;Jjyhf
mikAk;. |
|
epiyahd fw;wy; |
nraw;jpl;lj;jpd;
ntw;wpf;Fg; gpwF> njhlu;r;rpahd topfhl;ly; kw;Wk; Nkk;ghl;Lf;
fUj;juq;Ffisj; jpl;lkpLjy;. |
eilKiw: tUlj;jpw;F
xUKiw> Gjpjhf ,dq;fz;l gz;Gj;jpwd; Nkk;ghl;Lg; gFjpfspy; fl;lhag; gapw;rp
mspj;jy;. |
eilKiwg;gLj;jypd;
ntw;wpiaf; fzpj;jy;
,r;nraw;jpl;lj;jpd;
ntw;wp> Mrpupiafspd; gz;Gj;jpwd; khw;wj;jpy; kl;Lky;yhky;> tFg;giwapy;
Vw;gLk; khw;wq;fspYk; jq;fpAs;sJ: Mrpupau; kl;lj;jpy;: gr;rhjhgk;>
nghWik> cw;rhfk; Mfpa gz;Gj;jpwd; kjpg;gPl;Lg; Gs;spfspy; Fiwe;jJ 20% mjpfupg;G
Vw;gLjy;.
khztu;
kl;lj;jpy;: tFg;giwapy; elf;Fk; rz;il kw;Wk; vjpu;kiwr; rk;gtq;fspd;
vz;zpf;ifapy; Fiwe;jJ 15% FiwT Vw;gLjy;. ngw;Nwhu; kl;lj;jpy;:
Mrpupau; kw;Wk; tFg;giw gw;wpa ngw;Nwhu; gpd;D}l;lj;jpy; Neu;kiwahd
fUj;Jf;fspd; mjpfupg;G ,Uj;jy;.
gapw;rpg; gl;liw
cs;slf;fj; jpl;lk;
gapw;rpg; gl;liw
jiyg;G: czu;r;rp Ez;zwpTs;s Mrpupau;: nghWik kw;Wk; gr;rhjhgj;jpd; rf;jp
fhy msT: 3 kzp
Neuk;
gq;Nfw;ghsu;fs;:
Kd;gs;sp Mrpupau;fs; (nkjb];j ghyu; ghlrhiy)
Nehf;fk;:
Mrpupau;fs; jkJ nrhe;j czu;r;rpfis epu;tfpf;fTk;> Foe;ijapd; jtwhd
elj;ijapd; gpd;dzpapy; cs;s czu;Tfisg; Gupe;Jnfhs;sTk;> jz;lidf;Fg; gjpyhf
topfhl;liyg; gad;gLj;jTk; cjTjy;.
|
Neuk; |
cs;slf;fk; |
nraw;ghL kw;Wk;
gapw;rp cj;jp |
gz;Gj;jpwd; ftdk; |
|
0 - 15 epkplk; |
czu;r;rp rthy;fspd;
milahsk; |
mwpKfr; nraw;ghL: vdJ
rthy; jUzq;fs;" - Mrpupiafs; jq;fs; tFg;giwapy; nghWik ,of;fr; nra;j xU
jUzj;ijg; gfpu;e;Jnfhs;Sjy; (rpW FO fye;Jiuahly;). |
nghWikapd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; |
|
15 - 30 epkplk; |
czu;r;rpg; nghwpapay; (Emotional Triggers) |
ve;nje;jf; Foe;ijfspd;
elj;ij my;yJ epfo;Tfs; jq;fSf;F vupr;rY}l;Lfpd;wd vd;gij vOJjy;. ,e;j
nghwpfSf;Fg; gpd;dhy; cs;s nrhe;j czu;TG+u;tkhd Njitfis milahsk; fhZjy;. |
Ra tpopg;Gzu;T |
|
30 - 60 epkplk; |
czu;T Kfhikj;Jt
El;gq;fs; |
gapw;rp: gjw;wk; my;yJ
Nfhgk; tUk;NghJ cldbahfg; gad;gLj;jf;$ba '4-7-8 Rthr
El;gk;' Nghd;w jsu;Tg; gapw;rpfis (Relaxation Techniques) nra;Kiwg;gLj;Jjy;. |
epjhdk;> kdij
mikjpg;gLj;Jjy; |
|
Neuk; |
cs;slf;fk; |
nraw;ghL kw;Wk;
gapw;rp cj;jp |
gz;Gj;jpwd; ftdk; |
|
60 - 75 epkplk; |
elj;ij xU njhlu;G |
Foe;ijfs; jq;fs;
czu;r;rpfis (Nfhgk;> Vkhw;wk;) thu;j;ijfshy; ntspg;gLj;jj; njupahjNghJ>
mij elj;ijahy; ntspg;gLj;Jfpwhu;fs; vd;w fUj;ij tpsf;Fjy;. |
gr;rhjhgk;> Gupjy; |
|
75 - 105 epkplk; |
gr;rhjhgg; gpujpgypg;G (Empathic Reflection) |
ehlfg; gapw;rp: rthyhd
R+o;epiyfisf; nfhz;l fhl;rpfis cUthf;Fjy; (c.k;: xU Foe;ij jd; ez;gupd;
nghk;ikiag; gwpg;gJ). Mrpupau;fs; jz;lidf;Fupa thu;j;ijfSf;Fg; gjpyhf>
gr;rhjhgk; fhl;Lk; gjpy;fis toq;Ftjw;Fg; gapw;rp mspj;jy;. (c.k;: "eP
me;j nghk;ikAld; tpisahl kpfTk; tpUk;Gfpwha;> mjdhy; Nfhgkhf ,Uf;fpwha;
vd;W vdf;Fg; GupfpwJ.") |
Neu;kiwj; njhlu;G>
gr;rhjhgk; |
|
105 - 135 epkplk; |
vdf;Fg; GupAk;"
nkhopg; ghtid |
czu;Tfisg; ngaupLjy; (Naming Feelings) kw;Wk; mq;fPfupj;jy; (Validating Feelings). ,J fbdk; vd;W
vdf;Fj; njupAk;> Mdhy;..." Nghd;w thf;fpa mikg;Gfisg; gad;gLj;jp
czu;TfisAk; vjpu;ghu;g;GfisAk; ,izg;gJ. |
njspthd kw;Wk;
Neu;kiwahd Ngr;R |
|
Neuk; |
cs;slf;fk; |
nraw;ghL kw;Wk;
gapw;rp cj;jp |
gz;Gj;jpwd; ftdk; |
|
135 - 150 epkplk; |
khw;wj;jpw;fhd
cWjpnkhop |
xt;nthU MrpupiaAk;
mLj;j xU thu fhyj;jpw;Fg; gapw;rpg; gl;liwapy; fw;Wf;nfhz;l xU Gjpa Neu;kiw
El;gj;ij tFg;giwapy; eilKiwg;gLj;j cWjpnkhop vLj;jy;. |
nraw;ghl;L Cf;fk;>
,yf;F epu;zak; |
|
150 - 180 epkplk; |
gpd;D}l;lKk; tsq;fSk; |
gl;liw Fwpj;j
gpd;D}l;lk; ngWjy;. Nkyjpf tsq;fs; (fl;Liufs;> fhnzhypfs;) kw;Wk; mLj;j topfhl;ly;
mku;Tf;fhd jpl;lj;ijg; gfpu;e;Jnfhs;Sjy;. |
njhlu;r;rpahd fw;wy; |
ClhLk; jd;ik (Interactivity): ,e;jr;
nraw;jpl;lk; ngUk;ghYk; ntWk; nrhw;nghopthf ,Uf;fhky;> 80% gq;Fgw;Wjy;
kw;Wk; eilKiwg; gapw;rpfisf; nfhz;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
jdpg;gl;l
topfhl;ly; (Personalized Coaching): gapw;rpg; gl;liwapd;
gpd;du;> MNyhrfu; xt;nthU MrpupiaAlDk; jdpj;jdpahf 15 epkplq;fs; mku;e;J>
mtu;fspd; jdpg;gl;l ,yf;Ffs; Fwpj;J ciuahLtJ kpfTk; gaDs;sjhf ,Uf;Fk;.
rpwpa
epidT+l;ly;fs;: tFg;giwapy; nghWik kw;Wk; gr;rhjhgj;ij epidT+l;Lk; Rtnuhl;bfs;
my;yJ rpwpa ml;ilfis Mrpupiaapd; Nkirapy; itg;gJ.
,e;j cs;slf;fj;
jpl;lk;> Mrpupiafspd; fw;gpj;jy; Neu; gz;Gj;jpwd;fis Nkk;gLj;Jtjpy; cWjpahd
jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk;
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